By VOA News
April 7, 2017
 |
Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi
speaks at a memorial ceremony to mark one month from the killing of Ko Ni,
prominent legal adviser to the government, and taxi driver Ne Win, Feb.26,
2017, in Yangon, Myanmar.
|
The director general of an international coalition of 61
Rohingya organizations said he was “disappointed” at Myanmar’s leader Aung San
Suu Kyi for saying ethnic cleansing was “too strong” a term to describe what
was happening in the Muslim-majority Rakhine region.
Wakar Uddin also called on her to reinstate a
pre-independence system that showed Rohingya’s citizenship.
“I was very disappointed,” said Uddin of the Arakan
Rohingya Union. “I can understand why she said that because she’s the head of
state. If she admits it is ethnic cleansing, and for that matter genocide,
there will be consequences from the international community.”
BBC televised a rare interview with the Myanmar’s state
counselor on Wednesday. Attacks on Myanmar border guard posts in October last
year by a previously unknown insurgent group set off the biggest crisis of Aung
San Suu Kyi's year in power. More than 75,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh in
the ensuing army crackdown.
"I don't think there is ethnic cleansing going
on," Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi said of the situation in Rakhine
state. "I think ethnic cleansing is too strong an expression to use for
what is happening."
"It is not just a matter of ethnic cleansing,” she
said. “It is a matter of people on different sides of a divide, and this divide
we are trying to close up as best as possible and not to widen it further.”
"What we are trying to go for is reconciliation, not
condemnation," Aung San Suu Kyi told the BBC. "It is Muslims killing
Muslims as well."
Uddin, a professor of plant pathology and environmental
microbiology at Penn State University, said in response that "Ethnic
cleansing … is defined by what is going on on the ground. … She needs to
understand, to know, the truth of what is going on -- the violence, the
turbulence, the population displacement."
To escape violence in Rakhine state during
the military crackdown there, in November 2016, Rohingya woman Haresa Begum
fled to Bangladesh with her four children, leaving her husband in Myanmar.
The recent violence is the latest in a long cycle. Zar
Ni, a genocide scholar in London, said “Half of the [Rohingya] population was
deported from the country in 1978. Almost 300,000 were then driven out of
[Myanmar]. About 200,000 of them later came back. This kind of harassment is
repeated every five or 10 years.
“The expression ‘genocide’ is used based on these actions
of about 40 years,” he said. “There is no necessity to actively kill the entire
population to say that is genocide.”
Burmese authorities consider most Rohingya to be
"resident foreigners," not citizens, according to Human Rights Watch.
In a report, the organization says “This lack of full citizenship rights means
that the Rohingya are subject to other abuses, including restrictions on their
freedom of movement, discriminatory limitations on access to education, and
arbitrary confiscation of property.”
Uddin called on Aung San Suu Kyi to reinstate the
national registration certificate (NRC), cards issued to Rohingya as proof of
citizenship in 1947, a year before Myanmar - then known as Burma - gained
independence from Britain. The military effectively voided the NRC with the
1982 citizenship law, by defining who was not a citizen and making some 800,000
Rohingya stateless.
“Reinstate the NRC,” Uddin said. “Many people still have
those cards. The NRC cardholders and their children, who hold white cards, Aung
San Suu Kyi can reinstate those and go from there. That is a fundamental
issue.”
Myanmar has launched its own probe into possible crimes
in Rakhine and appointed former United Nations chief Kofi Annan to head a
commission tasked with healing long-simmering divisions between Buddhists and
Muslims.
A U.N. human rights report issued earlier this year said
Myanmar's security forces had committed mass killings and gang rapes against
Rohingya during their campaign against the insurgents, which may amount to
crimes against humanity.
The military has denied the accusations, saying it was
engaged in a legitimate counterinsurgency operation. The U.N. Human Rights
Council has called for an investigation, which Myanmar has refused to
accommodate.
In the interview, Aung San Suu Kyi tried to reassure
those who fled that "if they come back they will be safe."